On the chromosomes of Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera)
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概要
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The chromosomes of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae, have been studied by several investigators with defferent results: Beliajeff ('30) reported n, 25 for Russian forms, Federley ('38) gave n, 26 for Finnish forms, Lorkovié ('41) informed n, 25 for Yugoslavian forms, and the present author ('53) found n, 26 for apanese forms. It is interesting to know that the chromosomes of Pieris rapae reported by Federley ('38) and by the present author ('53) differ slightly, either in number or in morphology, from those of Russian and Yugoslavian forms studied by Beliajeff and Lorkovic.Morphologically Pieris rapae from Europe is very closely related to Pieris rapae from Japan. Recently some Japanese lepidopterists have reported the occurrence of Pieris mannii in Shikoku, while most authors are doubtful for its occurrence. The present author was undertaken re-examination of the chromosomes of P. rapae based on the material collected in various localities, with particular reference to the question as to the occurrence of P. mannii in Shikoku. For investigation, the testes of P. rapae were adopted as material; they were presented by mature imagoes of 235 specimens which were collected in the following districts: Shikoku (Kôchi, Kubokawa, Uwajima, Matsuyama, Niihama, Takamatsu), Honshu (Nishinomiya, Osaka) and Hokkaido (Hakodate, Sapporo, Asahigawa).It was found that there occurs a chromosomal dimorphism in Pieris rapae: there are two groups of animals, one having n, 26 and the other n, 25. The presence of a m-chromosome seems to cause the dimorphism as mentioned above: the individuals having n, 26 contain a m-chromosome in the haploid set, while those of n, 25 carry no such element. The n, 26 individuals are rather frequent in occurrence with a frequency of 65%. It seems most likely that the n, 26 individuals are of an ancestral type, and that the n, 25 individuals are derived form the former as a result of the disappearance of the m-chromosome.Considered from the results of the chromosome study of P. rapae, it is difficult to discuss the occurrence of P. mannii in Shikoku.
- 日本遺伝学会の論文
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