Aerosol Monitoring Using a Scanning Spectral Radiometer in Sendai, Japan

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概要

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• Measurements of direct solar irradiance and sky radiance were carried out in Sendai, Japan for the period from September 1981 to May 1985 using a scanning spectral radiometer (aureolemeter). Size distributions of columnar total aerosols were retrieved by inverting both spectral optical thickness and solar aureole radiance data. The size distribution of aerosols due to the El Chichon eruption in 1982 was estimated as the difference between columnar volume spectra before and after the eruption. The results indicate that the El Chichon aerosol had a monomodal volume spectrum with a mode radius about 0.5 μm; their contribution to the total aerosol volume reached the maximum in the winter of 1983, i. e. December 1982 to February 1983, then gradually decaying to the normal level prior to the eruption by the spring of 1985. A seasonal model of tropospheric aerosols over Sendai was constructed by subtracting the volume spectrum of the El Chichon aerosol model from that of the columnar total aerosols, and successfully represented by a bimodal log-normal function. The aerosols in spring and summer seasons have different features in respect of volume spectra. The coarse particle mode aerosols with radii around 3μm are predominant in spring while the accumulation mode aerosols with radii around 0.2μm are predominant in summer.1981年9月から1985年5月まで仙台市郊外において走査型分光放射計(オーリオールメータ)を用いた太陽直達光・散乱光の分光観測を行なった。観測された波長別光学的厚さと太陽周辺光の強度分布からインパージョン法によりエアロゾルの粒径分布(体積スペクトル)を求めた。1982年に起こったエルチチョン火山の噴火前後の比較から、エルチチョン起源のエアロゾルの粒径分布を得た。その結果、エルチチョン・エアロゾルは約0.5μmにモード半径を持つ一山分布型であり、エアロゾル気柱総量に対する影響は1983年の冬(1982年12月～1983年2月)に最大となり、それから1985年の春にかけて漸減し、ほぽ噴火以前の状態に回復している様子が見出された。気柱総エアロゾルの体積スペクトルから、エルチチヨン・エアロゾルをモデル化した体積スペクトルを差し引くことにより、仙台上空の対流圏エアロソやルの季節モデルを二山対数正規分布を用いて作成した。その結果、春季と夏季とでは、エアロゾルの体積スペクトルの特徴に大きな違いが見られた。すなわち、春季には半径約3μmの巨大粒子モードが卓越し、一方、夏季には半径約0.2μmのaccumulationモードが卓越している。

• Meteorological Society of Japan,日本気象学会,Meteorological Research Institute,Research Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Variations, Tohoku University,気象研究所気候研究部,東北大学理学部大気海洋変動観測研究センターの論文

著者

• Shiobara Masataka

  National Institute For Polar Research

• Tanaka Masayuki

  Center For Atmospheric And Oceanic Studies Faculty Of Science Tohoku University

• Shiobara M

  Meteorological Res. Inst. Tsukuba Jpn

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