High Ammonium Wastewater Treatment of Stired Tank Anammox Reactor using Polyvinyl Alcohol/Alginate Gel as Biomass Carrier

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Appropriate biomass retention in the reactor is crucial to the operation of the anaerobicammonium oxidation (anammox) process due to the extremely slow growth rate of thebacterial population. In the present work, anammox sludge, immobilized in a poly vinylalcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate gel, was studied to improve anammox biomass retention inthe reactor. 150 m/ of concentrated anammox sludge (33.3g suspended solids /-1) wasentrapped into a PVA/alginate aqueous solution (15% w/v PVA and 2% w/v alginate) at avolumetric ratio of 1:1 that was then solidified in a solution containing 50% w/v NaNO3and 2% w/v CaCl2. The anammox activity increased gradually and reached a maximumnitrogen loading rate of 9.9 kg-N m-3 d-1, with a removal efficiency of more than 80% evenat a low hydraulic retention time of 2.67 h, after 250 days of operation when thebicarbonate concentration was increased to 1.0gl-1 as KHCO3 from day 145. A porousstructure in the PVA/alginate immobilized biomass beads was observed by scanningelectron microscopic (SEM) analysis. This study shows the potential for the treatment ofwastewaters containing high ammonium and low carbon, such as digester liquor, usingPVA/alginate gels for whole cell entrapment of anammox sludge.
2010-06-15