An Ecological Study of the Mantis Shrimp Lysiosquilla macutala Fabricius (Crustacea: Stomatopoda) in the Reef Flat, Pari Island, West Java, Indonesia: 1. The Relationship Between Environmental Factors and Mantis Shrimp Population
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Lysiosquilla maculata Fabricius, mantis shrimp population density and size distribution were studied in 37 different transects of the reef flat from May 1994 - March 1998 (46 months) in order to determine relationships between the densities and size distribution of the L. maculata and 21 different physical-chemical parameters of their substrates and water. Site plots at 20 m to 120 m from the reef edge exhibit significantly higher population densities (mean densit: 62/ha to 71/ha). Lower population densities were found at the site plots about 170 m to 220 m from the reef edge (mean density: 37/ha to 43/ha). The reef flat habitat of Pari Island had clear population fluctuation with four peak densities in January in 1995, in 1996 and january in 1998 of the West Monsoon. On the reef flat the mantis shrimp grew up to a total length (TL) 390 mm. This higher sizes (TL: 390 mm) of mantis shrimp were found in June 1996 and 1997 at the area of about 50 m from the reef edge only. A total length of 132.15 mm which is first seen in November of the Post Monsoon, represent as lower size to the population. Higher population density and higher size of mantis shrimp are related to waters having high concentrations of total Carbon organic and nitrates. The mantis shrimp was absent from the coral reef flat where very low levels of phosphates and nitrates were observed. These studies indicate relationship between water and sediment quality, and densities of mantis shrimp. A positive correlation between area of distribution and biomass, and biomass with the density indicates the rarity of mantis shrimp in the reef flat.
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関連論文
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