上高地，とくに焼岳周辺における生態遷移 : II二次林と成熟林
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概要
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Four plots for two types of the secondary forest on the slope of Yake-dake Volcano and five for four types of the mature forest around Kamikohchi Plain were surveyed from the view point of the vegetational succession. The soil surveys prooved that the forming processes of two types of secondary forest were influenced by mud-flows occurred after eruptions as suggested by our preceding paper; Betula-Abies forest had the thin mud layer on the old soil layers, while Larix-broadleaved forest the very deep mud layer which distributed to more than 80cm depth. Secondary forests of both types had enough number of undergrowth of Abies and other conifers, so they were seemed to be in progress to the subalpine coniferous forests. The mature forest dominated by Abies veitchii and/or Picea jezoensis v. hondoensis was presumably the representative climax vegetation in this area because its soil was relatively rich and stable though small disturbances by mud-flow had been repeated. Canopy gaps caused by frequent small mud inflows made occurrence of abundant Abies seedlings successive, so the forest dominated by Abies could be maintained. While, where heavy mud inflows did not allow the emergence of seedlings, only large sized trees could survive and made a forest dominated by Picea having long life span. The forest of Tsuga diversifolia was formed on a rocky poor unstable site frequently attacked by crumbling stones and sand-flows which made canopy gaps and disturbed the emergence of Abies seedling. As a little abundant Tsuga seedlings under canopy gaps made up for the gaps and Tsuga forest maintained, this forest type could be recognized as a kind of edaphic climax. Thuja standisii forest was also recognized as a topographic climax, which was found on a rocky or steep poor site continuously eroded. The mixed coniferous forest dominated by Abies homolepis was supposed as a kind of secondary forest regenerated after logging 100 and more years ago.
- 信州大学理学部の論文
- 1988-10-30
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