コケ植物のじゅうたん組織 : 総説

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The current knowledge on the tapetum of bryophytes is reviewed, summarizing previous information and incorporating our recent original observations. Discussions are given on the structure, functions and suggested phylogenetic implications of this tissue, associated with the fundamental process of sporogenesis in land plants. The multinucleate condition of the tapetal cells, a well-known feature in seed plants, is reported here for the first time for bryophytes. The tapetal diversity is shown to be greater than previously considered. In particular, our observations on the presence of amoeboid-like cells in some mosses challenge the present understanding of the amoeboid tapetum as an evolutionary acquisition of advanced plant groups. In addition, the heterogeneity of the sterile cells supporting the sporogenesis in liverworts and hornworts is pointed out as a considerable difficulty to understand the tapetum nature in these plants. The current hypothesis on the evolutionary development of the tapetum types in land plants is suggested to be reviewed, since the tissues regarded as tapetum in liverworts and hornworts are ontogenetically different, and therefore not comparable. On the other hand, the morphological criterion for the classification of the tapetum is considered unreliable due to the plasticity of this tissue, and a thorough investigation of its functions is proposed as more meaningful. The key role of the tapetum in the development of the spore wall, and its importance to assess the systematic importance of the variability and complexity of the sporoderm are discussed. The paucity of studies, and the fragmentary nature of most of the information available, are pointed out as a major problem for the proper understanding of the tapetum in bryophytes.
日本蘚苔類学会の論文

コケ植物のじゅうたん組織 : 総説

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