19世紀生物学における自然観の考察

概要

論文の詳細を見る
In this paper, I try to formulate frameworks of views of nature in 19 th century, especially after 1840 s. At first, I demonstrate that the critique of "Lebenskraft" which has been evaluated so far, is not essential. Therefore the frameworks by which this critique becomes fundamentally possible, should be considered. For the substantial basis of each scientific research is formed on these frameworks. Next some modes of critique of Lebenskraft are elucidated to actualize them, and three modes, that is, Reductionism, Materialism, Positivism, are postulated through it. The first reduces Kraft to motion or to attraction and repulsion, the second reverts it to material, and the third defines Kraft psychologically and generatively, keeps it away from science. Then I discuss some other definite characters of them. In the third part, I argue how these frameworks treat with the problem of mind and how they locate it in nature, and through this I make a clear definiteness of them still more.
日本科学史学会の論文
1981-10-30