Duane・Compton・量子論
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概要
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In May 1923, when A. H. Compton's quantum theory of scattering was published, W. Duane also regarded an X-ray as a quantum and independently conceived a similar idea on collision of the X-rays with a grating. Duane, however, opposed to Compton's discovery at the time of its announcement, and this became the outset of the controversy. Why did he not accept Compton's theory? The examination of original papers shows us: 1. Duane's quantum theory was an ad hoc application for the experimental results of "abnormal reflection." Only the first part of his theory, the quantum theoretical derivation of the Bragg law, is now known. 2. Duane's opposition to the Compton effect was an experimental one; i. e., he could not verify it by his apparatus. Instead, he found another "effect" which did not follow Compton's theoretical prediction. Duane, thus, proposed an alternative interpretation based on a quantum relation E = hv, and attempted to refer Compton's modified ray to a sort of his "tertiary" ray, a type of bremsstrahlung. 3. As a whole, Duane's knowledge of the quantum theory was still naive and never went beyond the knowledge of the photoelectric effect. Duane once stated that "the theories, on account of the hypothetical character of the fundamental principles, should always be regarded purely as methods of suggesting the laws to be experimentally tested." It was tragic and unfortune for him that none of these experimental evidences, abnormal reflections and tertiary rays, were the real things. His interpretation, therefore, were doomed to be not tenable.
- 日本科学史学会の論文
- 1980-04-16