昆虫媒介性イネウイルスに高度抵抗性を示す遺伝子組換えイネの開発(<特集>新しい遺伝子改変技術と有用植物の育成)

概要

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One of the goals of plant biotechnology is the production of genetically engineered crops, such as rice, wheat, and maize, with improved resistance to diseases. For this objective, finding viral molecules critical for virus replication seems to be important for specifying molecular targets for the application of this technique. Thus, biological, biochemical, structural and cytopatholgical studies of viral particles, viral proteins and virus infected cells were carried out to clarify functions and possible roles of each of 12 viral proteins of Rice dwarf virus, a double-stranded RNA virus. Among 12 proteins of the virus, Pns12 viroplasm protein, first appeared in infected cells, is considered to play an important role in virus replication, thus, chosen as a target for RNA interference. As expected, transgenic rice plants that knocked down the expression of the gene for the Pns12 showed strong resistance to virus infection. This strategy was successfully applied to develop rice plants resistant to viruses in the same group, Rice gall dwarf virus and Rice black - streaked dwarf virus. On the other hand, in Rice stripe virus, a negative stranded tenuivirus, most effective targets for RNA interference were nucleocapsid and movement protein, thus showed that molecular targets for RNA interference for obtaining resistant plants differ in viruses with different replication strategies.
2013-12-20