二葉幼稚園から二葉保育園へのあゆみに関する一考察 : 養護と教育を併せ持つ保育とネットワーク作りの模索
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This paper examines how Futaba Kindergarten built the network that laid the foundation for infant care and education at nursery schools in Tokyo. Noguchi and Morishima were teachers at the kindergarten attached to the Peer's Girls School and they realized the need to educate slum children. In 1900, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, they opened the Futaba Kindergarten for the lower strata in Kojimachi. In laying the foundation for the nursery school system, the kindergarten proceeded through four stages. 1) The Futaba kindergarten teachers began to set up an appropriate environment in which children could be cared for and educated. 2) The Home Ministry began a selection of the most effective welfare facilities, and to that end established the Central Charity Association was in 1908. Futaba Kindergarten received a grant from the Home Ministry. 3) In 1913, Noguchi and the woman who would be her eventual successor, Tokunaga, inspected the terrible conditions of Tokyo's slums. That experience forced them to conclude that branches had to be opened in the slums. Immediately thereafter, Tokunaga began working for the Central Charity Association. The Futaba Kindergarten then switched its approach from "education" to "relief" and changed its name to Futaba Nursery School. 4) A branch of the nursery school opened in Shinjuku in 1917. The branch became a trustee organization of the Tokyo Charity Association, with Tokunaga as its director. According to arrangements made by that association, several nursery schools took part in summer camps. During those camps, under Tokunaga's initiative, teachers studied each other. They continued these studies through the establishment of sectional meetings within the Association. Tokunaga played a key role in this. On an inspection tour of the Kansai district she was quite concerned at the lack of education in child welfare facilities there. At sectional meetings she and the members devoted themselves to the study of both child-care and education. Many nursery schools participated in these meetings, and that participation eventually led to the development of a network of Tokyo nursery schools. It was in this way that Futaba Nursery School built the foundation on which the network for nursery schools in Tokyo was developed.
- 幼児教育史学会の論文
- 2009-11-30
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