少人数学級施策と県教育委員会の自律性 : 山形県における小・中学校学級編制の基準設定とその施策を事例として(戦後日本の教育行政研究(2)-教育委員会「存続」の意義を問い直す,I 年報フォーラム)
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Following the implementation of the collective law of decentralization of power, the approach concerning the class formation in local was changed from maintenances of the status quo as a counter measure of the decrease of the number of classes to positive measures as an original educational policy that has aimed at the improvement of scholastic attainments in the local level. In this change, Yamagata Prefecture is a municipality that has progressively pulled the small size class policy like Shiki City or Inuyama City. The law concerning the standard of the class formation of various schools of compulsory education throughout the country revised in 2001. After this, the small group instruction policy for the elementary school of Yamagata Prefecture that combines the increased ration teachers expended from the country budget with the adjunct instructor expended from the prefecture budget had implemented. (The Yamabiko plan, 2001) As the next stage of development, with the strong support of the governor of Yamagata Prefecture, the Yamabiko Plan developed into the Sansan Plan. The standard by which the number of pupils per a class was assumed to be 33 pupils from 21 was settled in the school year of 2002. In 2004, the class formation of 33 pupils from 21 was completed as a standard in all grades of the elementary school in Yamagata prefecture. Problems arising with regard to the Sansan plan can be identified as follows. Firstly, there is the issue of assuming the Sansan plan to be the standard criterion of educational policy in Yamagata prefecture. Secondly, there is the issue of ongoing negotiations regarding government expenditure as well as simulations of the class formation and teacher deployment arrangements. And thirdly, there is the question of adjusting the relationships among the educational administration bodies in the prefecture. To solve the above-mentioned problems, the Yamagata Prefecture board of education held "Small size class formation study group", this study group has the aims of the following three headings : (1)interpretation of existing law of Ministry of Education and confirmation of teacher arrangement plans, (2)obtaining an understanding the implementation condition and the policy of making the class formation of other local authorities, (3)validating the effects of the small class policy. In addition, the Yamagata Prefecture board of education held "Nationwide small group instruction study group". In this study group, several schools in the prefecture had led practices advanced. These a series of approaches of the above-mentioned had significant meanings of affirming the view and the policy of Ministry of Education sharing knowledge of the situation of the implementation with other municipality for making the system of the class formation flexible and advancing the small size class studying. On the other hand, the local TV station and newspaper reported these every time. This became a big announcing for the inhabitants of the prefecture. The characteristic of this case can be pointed out as follows. The small size class policy of the Yamagata Prefecture board of education is an approach with a series of cycle of planning which have several aspects of studying the effect and the yield, evaluating the result, clarifying the problem and the improvement, and improving the plan for the next fiscal year. Although I still have a number of reservations, I evaluate highly the autonomy and originality of the Yamagata Prefectural Board of Education in adopting this kind of approach.
- 日本教育行政学会の論文
- 2006-10-13