高等教育の機会均等に関する一考察 : 日本育英会の奨学生採用方法の現状と課題(II 研究報告)
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Every household share of education, especially higher education, is getting heavier. In the present system, the ability of sharing the educational cost in each household has great influence on the choice of schools which children will enter. This seems against the idea of the equality of opportunity of education. A scholarship system is thought as an effective means to find a way out of this situation. Therefore, this paper will focus on the ways of selecting scholarship students of the Japan Scholarship Foundation (Nihon Ikuei Kai), which is the largest provider of Japanese scholarships, and research what kinds of students are selected, clarify the effectiveness for equality of opportunity, and ascertain whether the ways of selection are consistent with the idea of that foundation. Its distinctive points are two ; (1) As a standard for selection, there are "character," "health," "academic ability," and "household economy." "Academic ability" and "household economy" are especially regarded as important. (2) The fixed number is allotted to each school. As a result of the analysis, "reserved/ (Yoyaku)" and "the 1st/ (Dai-isshu)" are compatible with "academic ability," "household economy," but "the 2nd/ (Dai-nishu)" is not always. That reveals how difficult compatibility is. In recent years, the standard of academic ability has been changing towards diversity, and the reconsideration of that standard seems expected. Furthermore, although the standard of "household economy" is created rather elaborately, there are differentials between "the family of earned income" and "that of another income." This is caused by the tax system in Japan ; thus, it is very difficult to create a fair standard between all occupations. And, as the number is fixed, although it is created elaborately, it is found that the students in national or public university are more advantaged than those in private ones. Thus, there is an unfairness between the national or public universities and the private ones in the present system. From the above, it can be concluded that the present system is not acclimatized to the present situation in Japan, and it has to be reconsidered drastically.
- 日本教育行政学会の論文
- 1998-10-17