Studies on the Suburban Forests in China (II) : A Case Study of Forest for Water Conservation in Shenyang

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China, as one of the biggest developing country in the world, is facing many environmental problems accompanying with the rapid economic development and increasing population. The water supply shortage is one of the most serious problems. The total water resource is about 2,800 billion m^3, and water resource per capita is 2,200m^3 in China. It only makes up a quarter of the world average level and half of the Japan. Water problems in the urban areas are more serious than in the rural areas. Now, two thirds of the cities are experiencing moderate to high water shortage. The water resources that can be used have become less and worse than before. The quantity and quality of water resources have become key factors that affect the economic development and people's life in China, especially in the urban areas in recent years. To control flood and provide water for the industry, agriculture and residents, a lot of dams and water conservation projects have been built in China in past several decades. However, the water problems have not been put to an end yet. To increase quantity and improve the quality of the water resources, plantation, as a major measure, has been done in the watersheds of China since 1980's. Up to now, there are many researches about forest for water conservation in large valleys. However, there is a little research about forest for water conservation in metropolises. The goal of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the present situation and issues of the forest for water conservation in metropolises. Shenyang, one of the biggest cities in northeastern China, was investigated. The results showed that the percentage of forest for water conservation is only 7.7%, lower than the percentage of timber forest in Hunhe watershed, which provides surface water resources for the city of Shenyang, which is much lower than the percentage of forest for water conservation in Japan. Its forest age is very young. 85% of the stand area of forest for water conservation is below 40 years old. Also, its stand volume is low. In order to increase the forest area for water conservation and improve its quality, transferring the timber forest into the forest for water conservation by management of the long-term cutting was recommended. It was suggested that the approach of Closing Mountain to Regenerate Forest, which has low cost and better effect, should be popularized in the Hunhe watershed.
森林計画学会の論文

Studies on the Suburban Forests in China (II) : A Case Study of Forest for Water Conservation in Shenyang

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