1960年代以降のアメリカにおける家庭科カリキュラム類型
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概要
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There are three types of curriculum approaches in Home Economics Education lead by ideas representing each decade in the United States: "concept-based" in the 60's; "competency-based" in the 70's; and "practical problem-based" in the 80's. These approaches not only explicate the existence of the Home Economics Curriculum in the United States but also have significant meanings in designing the future Home Economics Curriculum in Japan. These approaches are summarized as follows : 1. "Concept-based" approach is the method of constructing the curriculum in which the concepts and generalizations abstracted from Home Econonics as a discipline are the nucleus of curriculum content. Accordingly, the curriculum based on this approach states clearly the relations among concepts or between concepts and generalizations. However, the problem is that the structure of knowledge in accordance with scholarly system in Home Economics is separated from the sequence of cognitive development of learners. 2. In "competency-based" approach, competencies derived from task analysis are identified as performance objectives, and they are the component of course objectives. Emphasis on the attainment of course objectives in terms of educational technology amounts to the mastery of specified knowledge and skills. As a result, the curriculm based on this approach gave little attention to the complex questioning process of learners. 3. "Practical problem-based" approach can open the way to get over the points at issues of the preceding two approaches. From this perspective, curriculum content including intellectual skills is organized around the practical problems derived from continuing concerns of the family in relation to human significance. This approach is grounded on the theory by Brown, Marjorie M. which is based on critical theory. Therefore, the curriculum based on this theory is designed to foster working power from the viewpoint of unification of thought and action as well as clarification of thought processes in solving practical problems.
- 日本カリキュラム学会の論文
- 1994-03-30
著者
関連論文
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- 家庭科カリキュラムの構成概念としての実践問題の検討 : ブラウンの理論に依拠したミネソタ州の事例を中心として
- 1960年代以降のアメリカにおける家庭科カリキュラム類型