Three Models of Employment Policy for People with Disabilities : A Comparative Study between Seven Countries

概要

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There are various employment policies for people with disabilities in the world. Previous studies have reported these policies in each country and many measures to promote participation of them into labor market in detail but separately. On the other hand, a broad overview of the policy seems to be absent. This paper aims to compare these policies and measures in seven countries from various and consistent angles, and subsequently seeks to generalize and theorize them. Firstly, paying attention to important measures, policies of seven countries are classified into three types: the type which adopts anti-discrimination legislation to guarantee equal opportunity, the one which adopts the quota system to obligate employers to have certain ratios of workers with disabilities, and the one which provide sheltered employment for such people directly. Secondly, distinctive features of each type are identified from following angles: that is, ideal ways of employment of people with disabilities and principles of the policy which are assumed to be by each type. Finally, based on these analyses, advantages and disadvantages of each type are theoretically discussed, and new policy directions for the future will be presented.
一般社団法人日本社会福祉学会の論文