福島第一原発事故による放射能汚染の背景と課題

概要

論文の詳細を見る
The Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear disaster is a series of equipment failures, nuclear fuel meltdowns, and releases of the fission products and feasible neutron activated nuclides to the environment at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, following the 9.0 magnitude east-Japan earthquake and the ensuing tsunami on 11 March 2011. As the result of radionuclide releases, the soils, drinking water, foods, water in swimming pool, building wall, road and forest in Fukushima were widely contaminated with the radionuclides, especially ^<137>Cs. Although it is urgent to figure out how radioactive materials were spread not only in the area close to the nuclear reactors but also over surrounding, rather wide district, decontamination methods of the radionuclides should be considered to reduce the public health impact. While the public health impact appears to have been low, the economic and nearby environmental consequences are severe. There is no doubt that land restoration will take over a decade and perhaps much longer. A review is given of actions taken by the Japanese government and some nonprofit organization for land recovery in areas such as decontaminating top soil, local farmland as well as highly radioactive water used during 'feed and bleed' cooling of the core. The present status of the actions and inherent issues in decontamination and disposal of the radionuclides were introduced.
2011-12-25