Cellular Heat Shock Reduces the Cytopathogenicity of Influenza Virus Infectio

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The aim of this study was to determine if prior heat shock treatment of cells might attenuate virus-induced apoptosis of infected cells. A monolayer culture of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells that was incubated in maintenance medium at a temperature above 42℃ exhibited severe cytopathic degeneration within 24 h. Heat shock treatment of the cells at 42℃ for a period of less than 60 min, followed by incubation at 37℃, allowed the cells to survive for more than 48 h. When the cells were challenged with influenza B virus 6 h after a 30-min pulse of heat shock treatment at 42℃, the growth of the virus was suppressed and cell damage was minimized compared to control cells without heat shock treatment. These results suggest that heat shock proteins might block influenza virus-induced apoptosis and thereby enable the establishment of a persistent viral infection in vitro.