PFBC灰の特徴とその利用(<特集>石炭灰とスラグ)
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Kyushu Electric Power Company (KEPCO) has been commercially operating Karita Shin-1 Unit of Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC) combined cycle plant since 1999. This unit achieves high efficiency and low CO_2 emission therefore this unit is considered important power plant for Kyushu electricity market. This plant used nine kinds and consumed count about 3,500,000t of coal during the commercial operation. In the case of PFBC, limestone or dolomite is employed as the desulfurizing agent or bed material source. It is injected into the fluidized bed combustor which placed in the pressurized vessel, with fuel coal. Fluidized bed combustion is achieved under high oxygen partial pressure condition (0.32MPa). Characteristic of PFBC ashes came from those singular burning condition. PFBC ashes are grown at concentration of high alkaline minerals and high heat load condition, namely. Excess bed materials were blown from the bottom of fluidized bed combustor under operation and called bed ash (BA). Bed material attrition pieces were fly out the fluidized bed combustor with flue gases and called fly ash (FA). BA particles were covered with various alkaline minerals compounds such as CaSO_4, calcium aluminosilicate etc. And their core consisted of calcium carbonate. Coal fluidized combustion condition of the PFBC is important for deciding characteristics of BAs and FAs. Agglomeration or sintered eggs of bed material that was induced by local heating phenomenon is serious obstacle for reliable PFBC operation. Unstable fluidized bed combustion did not cause only the local high heat load but also high temperature zone in the combustor. Namely, it is important for reliable PFBC commercial operation to control fluidized bed combustion stably. All of the ash from Karita Shin-1 Unit is utilized for construction material such as cement products. PFBC ashes which could be self-solidification were very useful particularly, toward construction material usage.
- 2011-05-20
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