FAULKNERの意識の流れ

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概要

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• William Faulkner wrote two of his major novels with the so-called 'stream of consciousness' method-The Sound and the Fury and As I Lay Dying; but what kind of results did they contribute, considering from the point of method, to the modern psychological school of novelists such as Joyce and Woolf? Faulkner, like other writers of stream-of-consciousness fiction, applied various techniques in his writing-inner monologue, free association, images and symbols, unity of time, etc.-to represent human consciousness in its acting features. Unlike other writers, however, he has some different peculiarities which may be reduced to two characteristics: (1) his two novels contain their closely intertwined substantial plots of stories, the thing that is lacking in all other stream-of-consciousness literature, and (2) both of his novels have accomplished a somewhat success in character-description by distinguishing the levels of awareness in conscious activities pertaining to each character, the thing that is failing in all other stream-of-consciousness fictions. Faulkner had started with the method of Henry James-the point of view-when he managed to present a plot though his 'point of view was the one far more developed from the first innovation, the consciousness depicted in its streaming activity. The Sound and the Fury tells, in spite of its extreme complexity in appearance, a pathetic story of declining: process of the Compson family from 4 viewpoints of consciousness. As I Lay Dying gives a tragi-comedy of the poor Bundren family by means of the consciousness of 15 characters as 15 points of view in narration. In addition, Faulkner describes the differences of every consciousness very subtly and realistically. Even at a slight perusal we can understand that he has discerned and caught differences of the levels on which the consciousness of the characters plays, varying from the lowest emotional perception of the idiot Benjy, insane Darl, little Vardaman to, the highest intellectual reasoning and fancying of Quentin or the settled. conventional thinking of wicked Jason, good Dilsey, simple-minded Anse Bundren. In short, he practised effectively what Joyce and Woolf had wished to do but not tried or had tried and failed halfway-their works were too much loaded with intentions and techniques to afford any care for making distinction of each mental life in a scientific psychological manner. Faulkner's two novels with the 'stream of consciousness' method, then, have to be considered as the significant works that contributed synthetic achievement of James and Joyce to the modern psychological novel and presented an example of one of the more promising ways to the new novel-writing had it been understood with due attention.

• 一般財団法人日本英文学会の論文
• 1959-10-30

著者

• 野中 涼

  早稲田大学教授

関連論文

• 第六部門(日本英文学会第50回大会報告)
• 「西脇順三郎先生記念論文集」, 慶応義塾大学芸文学会, 昭和38年, 非売品(批評紹介)
• 川崎寿彦著『森のイングランド-ロビン・フッドからチャタレー夫人まで-』, 平凡社, 1987, 333pp
• 献辞 : 机を並べて-高橋雄四郎さんについて (高橋雄四郎教授・J.V.ロプレスティ教授退職記念号)
• 第七部門(Symposia 第七部門,日本英文学会第46回大会報告)
• 20. 心理小説の方法について(第五室,日本英文学会第38回大会報告)
• 土居光知・工藤好美著, 「無意識の世界」, 研究社, 昭和41年, \750(批評紹介)
• FAULKNERの意識の流れ

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