メピバカインに添加したデクスメデトミジンが組織血流量に及ぼす影響

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Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective α_2-adrenergic receptor agonist. There have been reports that the administration of DEX caused transient vasoconstriction in humans. In our previous study, it was suggested that DEX attenuated the vasodilating effect of lidocaine in human forearm skin. However, this DEX-mediated inhibition of lidocaine-evoked vasodilation appeared to be insufficient for the dental procedures performed in the oral cavity. In the present study, the effect of DEX and 3% mepivacaine (a mild vasoconstrictor) on peripheral vessels was compared with that of DEX alone by measuring regional blood flow (RBF). We administered 0.3ml of mepivacaine containing 2.5μg/ml of DEX (MD), normal saline (N), normal saline containing 2.5μg/ml of DEX (ND), and 3% mepivacaine (M) by subcutaneous injection into the forearm of each subject. The RBF, regional blood mass (RBM), and regional blood velocity (RBV) were measured using a non-contact type laser tissue rheometer at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, 30, and 60min after drug administration. The hemodynamic changes were recorded, and the level of sedation was assessed. In several subjects, the RBF and RBV after the MD and ND injections were significantly lower than those measured after the N or M injections, without any changes in hemodynamics and the level of consciousness. We considered that mepivacaine and DEX have vasoconstrictive action on the peripheral vessels. Our results suggested that DEX is a useful vasoconstrictor for dental procedures because when administered along with mepivacaine, it enhanced vasoconstriction.
2010-03-31

メピバカインに添加したデクスメデトミジンが組織血流量に及ぼす影響

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