Influence of Regular Exercise on Arterial Stiffness and Endothelium

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概要

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• Arterial stiffness increases with advancing age. Increased arterial stiffness is implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, for which it has been identified as an important independent risk factor. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffness are of paramount importance. Previous studies have investigated the effects of regular exercise on arterial stiffness. Regular aerobic (endurance) exercise reduces arterial stiffness. In contrast, resistance (weight) training may stiffen central elastic arteries. However, the mechanism underlying regular-exercise-induced changes in arterial stiffness has not been fully elucidated. The adaptation of arteries to regular exercise may, at least partly, be regulated by the endothelium. We have focused on endothelium-derived vasoactive factors such as endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO). ET-1 exerts potent vasoconstrictor and proliferative effects in vascular smooth muscle cells, while NO has a potent vasodilator effect and anti-athero-sclerotic properties. ET-1 and NO have been reported to be affected by regular exercise. This article is a review of the literature on the influence of regular exercise on arterial stiffness and the role of endothelium-derived vasoactive factors (ET-1 and NO). We discuss here the role of the endothelium in regular-exercise-induced changes in arterial stiffness.

著者

• MAEDA Seiji

  Division of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

• Maeda Seiji

  Division Of Sports Medicine Graduate School Of Comprehensive Human Sciences University Of Tsukuba

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