功利主義倫理学とパーソナル・インテグリティ

概要

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Utilitarianism has recently been the object of criticism based on the concept of personal integrity. I will offer a utilitarian defense against this criticism. The point of the criticism is that utilitarianism cannot account for the moral significance of personal integrity. Utilitarianism is alleged to require one to take the utilitarian impersonal point of view. Seen from this point of view,' any value which is attached to things only from the personal point of view is discounted. As a result, utilitarianism prevents one from keeping one's own personal integrity which is formed from nothing but one's own personal point of view. I take this criticism seriously since it seems to raise some difficulties with utilitarianism. I will respond to this criticism by presenting what can be called hierarchical motivation utilitarianism. Hierarchical motivation utilitarianism permits one to take the personal point of view on at least one motivational level, and thus enables one to keep one's personal integrity on that level. Therefore, it shows a utilitarian way of accomodating the moral significance of personal integrity and meeting the difficulties raised by the personal integrity based criticism.
慶應義塾大学の論文