ホメーロスにおけるpeithoの一つのインプリケーションと神々の説得
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概要
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In this essay I shall suggest that one of the implications of the active voice of peitho is to change the relationship between the parties concerned. Previous studies on peitho or persuasion which have paid no serious attention to the difference in implication between the active voice peitho and the middle voice peithomai seem to fail to appreciate complexities in the scenes where the persuasion is taking place. The first and best example for this argument is the quarrel scene in Iliad I where the issue is whether Agamemnon should return Chryseis with some compensation or without. Through analysis of the usage of peitho and peithomai in the exchange of speeches, it becomes clear that the only instance of peitho, Il. I,132, which appears in the negative form and is spoken by Agamemnon to represent Achilleus' proposal of the return of Chryseis without compensation, contrasts with all the other instances of peithomai in the sense that the former implies a change in the former state of distribution of the spoils among the Achaians which defines their social relationships. As a result of the quarrel the Achaians keep their solidarity, but they lose Achilleus. The underlying reason for this quarrel is that the amount of the spoils is limited. This is indirectly and partly supported by the fact that there is no instance of peitho between the Olympian deities in Homer who are not bound together by their direct and indirect reciprocal obligations and enjoy a high degree of independence because their resources are not limited. Finally, if we try to identify the space of persuasion in Greek literature in the light of a change in relationship as in the case of peitho, we can find many interesting examples for the study of persuasion where the parties concerned are arguing on which of the parties starts to change the relationship such as in the diplomatic scene of Ar. Av.(esp. 1596-1602) even if there is no reference to peitho.
- 日本西洋古典学会の論文
- 1999-03-23
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