2世紀末〜3世紀前半における小アジア皇帝領の農民

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This paper attempts to assess the conditions of peasants of imperial estates in Asia Minor from two petitions to the emperors (Aga Bey Koy・KP_<111> 55 : Araguenoi: Rostovtzeff, SEHRE, 741-2) and an inscription relating to angareta (JRS 46, 47-8) and other evidence The two petitions complain of oppression, by imperial officials (κολλητιωνεζ, καισαριανοι) and military commanders, and indicate that the peasants were hereditary tenants of the estates Many scholars emphasize the subordinate position of the peasants and maintain that they were de facto bound to the soil. The oppressors, however, were not the officials in charge of the estates, but outsiders, who inflicted on the peasants irregular burdens. And their oppression does not seem to have lasted long For in the petition of Araguenoi, peasants say that all wrongdoing and extortions have ceased elsewhere (it cannot be disregarded as mere flattery), and most complaints against oppression appear in the late 2nd or first half of the 3rd century Moreover, the peasants appealed to the emperors and gained the rescripts acknowledging their claims It was their communal solidarity that enabled them such action Their communities, with headmen, leading groups and perhaps treasuries and religious implements, were developing into well-organized ones, though official titles are not mentioned in our sources, with exceptional cases of κωμαρχ[ηζ] and γεραιοι. Therefore, as to the indigenousness and hereditariness of peasants, it would seem to have been sentimental and social ties that attached them to the estates rather than the administrative pressure, and such indigenousness must have strengthened them communal solidarity. In the document of dispute between two villages relating to angareia, we see the activity of such communities, their representatives insisting on their claims obstinately in front of the imperial officials.
日本西洋古典学会の論文
1988-03-18

2世紀末〜3世紀前半における小アジア皇帝領の農民

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