腸内に於ける大腸菌の生理的意義に関する研究

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A large amount of research has been carried out for many years and notable achievements have been scored by many bacteriologists since Pasteur on how the presence of intestinal bacteria influences the host animals. However, the facts about the ways in which they affect animal life are little understood. None would deny that the most effective method to solve this problem would be experiments using animals whose bodies contain no germs at all. Under the Leading of Prof. Tanikawa, the author, in collaboration with Kawai, had attempted at developing a method for the germ-free rearing of young chicks. After preliminary in experiments and several improvements, the author had succeeded in devising rather simple apparatus in which young chicks could be raised in germless seclusion with considerable case. The results of the, experiments had been published in the previous paper under the title "Studies on Germ-free Rearing of Chicks." In the present experiments, the germ-free chicks were given coli group germs, the most important of all the intestinal bacteria, and enterococcus germs, alone or in combination and their effects on host animals were investigated. The results of the experiments in Nos. 3 and 4 apparatus which were used for germ-free raising of chicks are summarized as follows: 1) Diarrhea occurred and despondency was observed in chicks when they had been given coli group germs alone orally. An increase in body weight temporarily ceased and a decrease was registered in some of them, but normal growth was resumed in four or five days. This will mean that the presence of coli group germs affects adversely the living animals. 2) Marked increase in body weight and vigorous growth was observed when germ free chicks had been given enterococcus germs alone orally. 3) When chicks had been given a combination of coli group and enterococcus germs orally, they manifested normal growth without showing any noxious effects which were observed when they were given coli group germs alone. The more the numbe of enterococcus germs that lodged in the intestine, the better were the growth of host animals. This will demonstrate that enterococcus germs antagonized the activity of coli group germs. 4) As was evidenced by the better growth of chicks, No.4 equipment afforded a better environment for rearing them than No. 3 equipment. Investigation of intestinal bacteria entails difficulty because their activities are complicated and subtle. The author is convinced, however, that at key to solution would finally be found if the problem is attacked analytically from many angles on the basis of the findings of the studies to be done on germ-free animals.
千葉大学の論文
1955-05-28

著者

斎藤佐文
千葉大学医学部衛生学教室

腸内に於ける大腸菌の生理的意義に関する研究

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