現生および化石イシサンゴ(Scleractinia)に見られる異常硬組織,その成因と続成変化
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概要
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1. Observation by a scanning electron microscope and light microscope revealed numerous abnormal microstructures in Recent coral skeletons. Minute tubercules are distributed partially or over the external surface of the skeleton. They are composed of many thin lamellae below the surface, where many layers appear on top of one another to form an abnormal multilayered structure. Each lamella, composed of minute crystals and organic matrix, swells out toward the growing surface of the skeleton. The outermost lamella forms the above mentioned tubercule on the external surface. In many cases a microboring caused by an endolithic alga pentrates these stratified lamellae through the center, except for a few lamellae near the surface. In other cases, an aparture appears at the top of the tubercule. An intimate relationship between the endolthic algae and the abnormal hardtissues was confirmed. Further, the writer compared the submicroscopic structure of the abnormal structures with the spherical polycrystals which appeared at the initial stage of calcification in Scleractinia. The observation shows that the former and latter differ remarkably from each other in size and microstructure. From the facts described above, it is concluded that these characteristic abnormal hardtissues in the skeletons of Recent Scleractinia are the diseased architectures produced by the calicoblastic epitherum of living coral, caused by endolithic algae. 2. The exoskeletons of fossilized scleractinian corals in the elevated Holocene reefs (6,100-7,900 years old) on marine terrace were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The observation revealed numerous abnormal multilayered structures in concentric piles on the surface of their septa. A comparison of recent and fossil materials, also considering the process of diagenesis, supports the conclusion that the former and latter were originally identical. The abnormal microstructures of the fossils were also the same diseased structures. 3. The results of observation indicate the probability that some of the micritic envelopes on fossil skeletons may have been initiated by the agglutination of such diseased structures caused by endolithic algal borings.
- 地学団体研究会の論文
- 1989-07-25
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