デューイの教育学における成長の概念について : その二(人文・社会科学篇)

概要

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A study is made about John Dewey's idea of "education as growth". Criticisms have been given against his thoughts on aims of education from people of various standpoints. In this article criticisms by H. H. Home, R. M. Hutchins, R. Ulich, and J. S. Bruner are briefly reviewed. According to Dewey, growth is the process of a continuous adjustment of an individual to the environment, so attention is given to his theory of adjustment. Adjustment is a positive and enduring modification of the individual's attitude in establishing a secure harmony with the world. Dewey has a firm belief in the goodness of man, and his intelligence, which will properly direct the growth of an individual, and will amount to founding of a democratic society. The conclusion is that "education as growth" is an idea based on the outlook on value which gives the highest importance to the freedom and dignity of man, and that it leads to the self-realization and the achievement of the excellence of man.