建国初期東ドイツ造船業の成長とその限界
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概要
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The shipbuilding industry in the GDR was not only estimated to rank first in output of reparations to the U.S.S.R., but was also the industry most structurally influenced by reparations. The prewar shipbuilding industry, with only one medium shipyard on the coast of the Baltic Sea of Mecklenburgs, occupied no more than three percent of the production of the entire shipbuilding industry in Germany. After the War, however, one medium and three big shipyards were newly built in order to build and repair ships for the U.S.S.R. The government of the GDR made the heavier investments in shipbuilding than all other reparation-industries during the first half of 1950's. In order to achieve the production target for reparations, this industry was also far more endowed than other industries in expending raw materials and labor force in the planed economy of the period. As a result, the shipbuilding industry grew more rapidly than all other industries in the GDR during 1945-1955. But this development shows only one side of the shipbuilding industry in those days. Notwithstanding the favorable treatment of the shipbuilding industry, there were many problems in the shipyards; defects in production planning, delayed supplies, the poor quality of materials and lax production management, culminated in the ineffective use of shipyard facilities and sluggish growth of productivity. It is true that the burden of reparations, especially up to the first half of 1950's, was a serious hindrance to the economic recovery of the postwar GDR, but many problems in the production fields, which existed even in "the most rapidly grown industry in 1945-1955" - shipbuilding -, was the more important and determining cause of economic difficulties throughout the history of the GDR.
- 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
- 1998-01-20