イングランド荘園制成熟期の農業労働力移動 : 13世紀末期・東部イングランドにおける村落階層構成の分析
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In this article, the main subject is an analysis of the social structure of a Norfolk manor and five East-Midland villages in the later 13 th century. The mobility of the working population in the manorial society has been unreasonably under-estimated until now. I suppose one of the greatest causes of this underestimation is attributed to the static image of the village structure in the manorial society. Such a static image of the manorial village structure, however, should be greatly modified, because we can find a great deal of the flexible mobility of the agricultural labouring population in the mediaeval court data. My starting point of this study is that it is considerably difficult to distinguish the mobility in the later 13 th century village from it after the beginning of the break-down of the manorial system. There are three essential problems on this subject. The first problem is to collect the data of the mobility. The second is to make a correct estimation of the mobility in the village structure. The third is to discern the mobility between in the later 13th century and in the later 14th century. From this point of view, I settled the East England villages as my object of analysis. They are Forncette Manor in Norfolk and five East-Midland villages within Ramsey estates in Huntingtonshire. In this article, I could obtain lots of the materials from the study of N. Neilson, F. G. Davenport, M. M. Postan, and the recent studies of J. A. Raftis. My conclusions are such as follows. The agricultural village in the later 13 th ceutury has three strata construction. The first stratum is constructed from the main families with a standard exploiment. The middle is constructed from small-holders, and the lowest is from famulus, serviens, or anlipimen. The mobility of the first stratum is relatively small, and the members of a village community are made of this stratum's population. The lowest is the most flexible and has a great deal of mobility. This third stratum supplies the 13 th ceutury society with the materials of the proto-type of the labour-market which is soing to reveal itself in the later 14th century.
- 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
- 1970-10-20
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関連論文
- 三好洋子著, 『イギリス中世村落の研究』, 東京大学出版会, 1981年2月刊, A5判340頁
- ドイツ社会経済史研究の最近の動向 : Handbuch der Deutschen Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte, 2Bde.にそくして-(1)(学界動向)
- イングランド荘園制成熟期の農業労働力移動 : 13世紀末期・東部イングランドにおける村落階層構成の分析