後退期日本地主制の存在形態
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概要
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It has been said that the landownership in Japan (Jinushi-sei) began to decline from the middle of Taisho era. Certainly, the bigger landowners began to invest to the enterprise outside the agriculture and the smaller landowners began to cultivate themselves from that time. It must be said, however, that those declining tendencies of the landownership appeared mainly in Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu. In Hokkaido and old colonies we can observe the different tendencies. In the agricultural history of Japan, we should not forget the facts that the capitalist-landownership appeared typically in Hokkaido and that the Jinushi-landownership in the mother country transmitted itself into the colonies. The capitalist-landowners mean the capitalists who became the landowners in order to strengthen their enterprise in the economic competition. In this capitalist-landowners, the capital and the landownership are united functionally as well as personally. The capitalist-landowners developed as the capitalists at the same time of their growth as the landowners. The landownership of these capitalist-landowners was the variant or the partial transformation of the semi-feudal landownership. The development of the capitalist-landownership did not mean the change of semi-feudal landownership into the modern type. As to the transmittance of the Jinushi-landownership from the mother country into the colonies, we have the following conclusions. From the middle of Taisho era, the Japanese landowners began to emigrate into the colonies at the face of the crisis of Jinushi-landownership in the mother country. Those emigrating landowners tried to rebuild and enforce the Jinushi-landownership there. At the same time, those who had obtained the land in the colonies before the beginning of the crisis began to settle their main basis in the colonies after the middle of Taisho era, in order to restore their economic losses in the mother country. Both of those emigrating Japanese landowners continued to sustain or enlarge their landownership till the 10th of Showa. If you try to analyse the Japanese Jinushi-landownership be for the second World War, you must study not only the landownership of the mother country but also those of Hokkaido and of old colonies. Certainly, the semi-feudal landownership, which was one of the basis of Tenno-sei, began to decline. However, we can firmly conclude that it continued to sustain itself till the Land Reform.
- 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
- 1967-01-20