アメリカ産業革命と産業構造 : 1840年合衆国第6回センサスの分析を中心として
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概要
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Before half of the 19th century two events which changed the history of the world, were (1) the Industrial Revolution in England, and as a result of it, re-organization of the world market and (2) the movements which promoted consciously transition from feudalism to capitalism. These events gave great impulse for America. America made an attempt to subdue these by Hamiltonian Industrialism and protected her industries against the economic offensive from England with protective duty, reorganization of the monetary system, and internal improvement etc. It was necessary to enforce these policies for United States of America because she was to be encroached her home market without these, although "local market area" was formed and "manufacture=Industrielles Kapital was emerging at that time. Industrialization in America had started as nothing but this "correspondence" from superstructure. Therefore, its industrial organization had to build on base of the territorial division of labor-cotton, tobacco, sugar in the South, wheat, wheat flour in the West and manufacturing industry in the East, and left the fundation of domestic market in the stage of local market area as it was. And the improvement, and construction of cannals, rivers, and roads were done by the gorernment to develop this territorial division of labor. By our analysis, in stage of 1840, home market in America was dvelopping so far as to have two "regional market area"-(1) New-England, and New-York State, (2) Pennsylvania State where agricuture and industry were developping with balance. At that time industrial organization in America, in this way, was regulated under the world conditions that the center of international division of labor was english industries. In other words, it was based on the territorial division of lobor, above stated, which was composed of three section regulated by international division of labor. But in its organization developped a development of social division of labor=market relation which was going to break through it from inside. Under these conditions the factory system whcih was transferred or brought up by the govrenment patronage and the converting from merchant, was taken up in quickly by manufacture=Industrilles Kapital. Thus the area where combined New-England and Middle State, including the West, And the near Civil War, the more this tended to be fused into one market area. The economic growth in the North of United States became more speedy, before Civil War. Controversy on tariff problems and Bank of the United States expressed the opposition of economic interest on two economic fundation. And it had been decided finally in Civil War.
- 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
- 1966-10-20