Eugene or Edmund : 知のアイロニー
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概要
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Long Day's Journey into Night is, as the author Eugene O'Neill once claimed, "my mother's [Ella Quinllan's] story and my [O'Neill's] autobiography." As a matter off act, the play revolves around two characters, Mary and Edmund, and two themes: Mary's relapse into morphine addiction and Edmund's consumption. This is one of the most autobiographical plays that O'Neill ever wrote; the playwright puts on the stage all the members of the O'Neill family in the guise of the Tyrones. In the play, his father James O'Neill and Jamie O'Neill are James Tyrone and Jamie Tyrone respectively. However, the playwright himself uses the name 'Edmund,' that of his older brother who died five years before Eugene's his birth, giving his own name 'Eugene' to the character of the brother. His mother is also given her old name 'Mary' which she did not use after her marriage to James O'Neill. Clearly in the exchange of names lies the playwright's intention in this play. It has been recognized that the play mainly deals with Mary, as the main character, and the tragic stages of Mary's relapse into morphine addiction. In this paper, however, Edmund is given center-stage and the whole play is to be explicated as O'Neill's autobiography. The paper will discuss and examine the possibility of interpreting how closely both Mary's relapse into morphine addiction and Edmund's consumption are related to each other so as to weave into the entire texture of the play the irony of human existence, which is embodied by Edmund's self-discovery in the play. Moreover, this paper will analyze how elaborately the whole structure of Long Day's Journey into Night is designed to show Edmund's self-discovery, based upon his ironical recognition or realization of the circumstances of his birth because of Mary's relapse into morphine addiction. Long Day's Journey into Night is a story in which a man ironically finds that his birth is the main cause of his mother's tragic morphine addiction.
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