Identification of homoeologous translocations in tetraploid wheat (AABB genome) from Ethiopia and localization of their breakpoints by genomic in situ hybridization

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Four spontaneous chromosomal translocations were previously detected in tetraploid (Triticum turgidum L., 2n=4x=28) wheat landraces from Ethiopia. We identified here the chromosomes involved in the translocations through the application of meiotic analysis using the double-ditelosomic series of the durum wheat variety LD222. The landrace wheat lines, K-1-1, B-3-11 and CD-7 carried 2A/2B, 7A/7B and 4A/4B (?) translocations, respectively. The landrace variety DZ-04-118 carried a cyclic translocation involving three chromosomes, 2A/2B/4B. Translocation 2A/2B in K-1-1 and in DZ-04-118 has the same origin. The chromosomal breakpoints of the homoeologous translocations 2A/2B and 7A/7B were successfully localized using the genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique. The breakpoints for translocation 2A/2B were at or close to the centromere region while those of 7A/7B were noncentromeric types. This is the first application of GISH to locating translocation breakpoints between homoeologous chromosomes. Probable mechanisms of origin for homoeologous translocations are discussed.
財団法人染色体学会の論文