言語的基準

概要

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In classifying liguistic facts, we can make various classifications according to the criteria we adopt. But to classify linguistic facts as such, for instance, to form grammatical categories, we must adopt the linguistic criterion. So when we try to form the grammatical categories of a language, we must endeavour to find out this criterion, and , once it has been found, we must hold by it throughout the process of our classification. But there are many different languages in the world, so it is no wonder that the results of our classification should beb diffrent from those we might get in forming the grammatical categories of other languages. But when we want to explain these grammatical facts, we must modify our attitude. Remaining in the sphere of that language alone, we often find it difficult to make these linguistic facts understood by others. We can often explain these facts more effectively by the help of other languages. Again, we often need something more general than the linguistic criterion, which can be understood by all men alike in spite of various languages they speak. Here come to the help of us some criteria outside the linguistic field. --- logical, psychological, etc. Thus the comparative studies of these criteria have their own value and are very important for us to know the nature of language itself.
北海道大学の論文