Pedological Characteristics and Heavy Metals Contamination of the Paddy Soils in Taiwan

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概要

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• Extensive rice production on numerous alluviums and terraces in Taiwan has been done by the complete irrigation systems since the early and mid stages of the 20th century. Irrigation water and the fluctuation of groundwater play important roles in controlling the soil hydrology and redoximorphology. Redoximorphic features are consequently formed by the alternative wet and dry cycles, such as Fe soft masses, Fe and clay depletions and Fe-Mn nodules through the profiles of paddy soils. The saturated and reducing durations were specified associated with the definite redoximorphic features in the soils under a landscape unit. In the case studies of rice-growing Ultisols on red earth terrace in northwestern Taiwan, the optimum durations of saturation and reduction were about 50% of the year in the formation of redoxi-morphic features. This anthraquic condition could promote the formation of diverse redoximorphic features associated with plinthites. In the paddy soils of Taiwan, Entisols, Inceptisols, Alfisols, Ultisols, Mollisols and Oxisols are main Soil Orders based on Soil Taxonomy. On one hand considering by soil quality and food security of rice, heavy metal contamination is the main issue in rice production of Taiwan. On the other hand by rice market liberalization, changing the land use from paddy soils into non-waterlogged cropping has some problems in initial soil properties such as poor drainage and impeded root growth by the subsurface compacted layers for upland crops. Irrigation water for rice production in Taiwan has been contaminated by illegal discharges of industrial and livestock wastewater affecting the paddy soil qualities by heavy metals. According to the regulation for pollutants in Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act of Taiwan, the total seriously contaminated area by heavy metals is more than 300ha, especially by Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb contamination of rice in Taiwan. Due to the special profile morphology and hydrology of paddy soils, dilution by deep plowing and mixing, acid washing, chemical stabilization, and phytoremediation are major remediation technologies applied on the contaminated sites with pilot or field scales. However, the recovery of soil fertilities and ecological functions is needed to be evaluated after remediation.Special Review

• 東北大学の論文

著者

• CHEN Zueng-Sang

  Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University

• HSEU Zeng-Yei

  Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Tec

• Hseu Zeng‐yei

  National Pingtung Univ. Sci. And Technol. Pingtung

• Hseu Zeng-yei

  Department Of Environmental Science And Engineering National Pingtung University Of Science And Tech

• Chen Zueng‐sang

  National Taiwan Univ. Taipei

• Chen Zueng-sang

  Department Of Agricultural Chemistry National Taiwan University

• JIEN Shih-Hao

  Department of Agricultural chemistry, National Taiwan University

• Jien Shih-hao

  Department Of Agricultural Chemistry National Taiwan University

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• Pedological Activities of Taiwan in Last 50 Years and Strategies for the Future
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