大正末-昭和戦前期における「訓練」の展開 : 山口県の公立小学校を事例として
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概要
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This paper deals with the relationship between New Education in Taisho period and the wartime education. The practitioners of New Education expected "Discipline" to be a new educational method which could overcome the obsolete education in Meiji period. This paper focuses the change of recognition about "Discipline" around the end of Taisho period. "Self-teaching Discipline" was introduced as an important part of New Education Movement in Yamaguchi prefecture during Taisho period. The educational authorities in Yamaguchi prefecture accepted "Self-teaching Discipline" in a positive way. They held a workshop about "Self-teaching Discipline" several times from 1921 to 1925, and advocated the needs of "Self-teaching Discipline" toward principals of public elementary schools and district inspectors. In educational circles, teachers discussed "Self-teaching Discipline" separating "Self-teaching" from "Discipline". Through their discussion, "Self-teaching" was shown as a thought of New Education, while "Discipline" was explained as moral training. This paper also treats, as a case study, the "Discipline" of TOYORA elementary school, which was appointed as a school for workshop of "Discipline" by the educational authorities in 1930. This school encouraged behavioral regulation for school children in order to practice "Discipline" using the method of "Self-teaching" with internalization. From the above-mentioned analysis, a role and transformation of "Discipline" was explained from the end of Taisho period to the prewar Showa period. That is, "Discipline" tooks over the effects of New Education, and at the same time, it became the key to build the wortime education.
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