Effect of Menstrual Cycle Phase on the Arterial Stiffness Estimated by Pulse Wave Velocity and Carotid Augmentation Index

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Arterial stiffness, determined by pulse wave velocity (PWV) or carotid augmentation index (AI), is an independent marker of cardiovascular risk. The effects of fluctuations in the ovarian hormones estradiol and progesterone throughout the menstrual cycle on arterial stiffness are not well understood. We examined if central and peripheral arterial stiffness evaluated by PWV and carotid AI changed during the normal menstrual cycle in young women. Methods: We evaluated nine healthy young women aged 20.6±0.6 years (mean±SE). We investigated the variations in PWV values in various arterial segments (heart-carotid, heart-femoral, femoral-ankle, and brachial-ankle), carotid AI, and serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations at five points in the menstrual cycle (menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, early luteal, and late luteal phase). Results: Ovarian hormone levels were consistent with the predicted cycle phases. Neither heart rate nor brachial and ankle arterial blood pressures changed significantly throughout the menstrual cycle. No changes in PWV in the various arterial segments or in carotid AI could be observed. Conclusions: These results indicate that, in healthy young women, the fluctuations in serum estrogen and progesterone concentrations during the normal menstrual cycle do not influence arterial stiffness. These data will be useful when assessing arterial stiffness with these measures in premenopausal women.
札幌大谷短期大学の論文