昭和初期の小学校職業指導にみる普通教育と職業世界との関係性 : 「愛」がもたらした移行問題の教育問題化

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概要

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• The purpose of this study is to examine how the relation between general education and the world of work was structured, and what supported it in the early Showa Era, when the relationship appeared, through an analysis of the state of vocational guidance in primary school. Section 1 points out that the "Japanese" pattern of transition from school to work dates from the prewar period, and that earlier studies only clarified the intention and the actual situation on the part of companies or employment agencies. However, in order to grasp the entire historical process of the structuring of the system, it is necessary to elucidate the intention and the actual situation on the part of schools, and to inquire again on the issue of transition as a problem of education. The paper then explains the significance of clarifying the problem mentioned above. Section 2 examines the opinion of the Ministry of Education on the introduction of institutions for vocational guidance, and considers the kind of problems that occured in school. It shows that setting up a special subject of vocational guidance has consistently been shelved although teachers thought the problems emerged because of the lack of such courses. In the background was an essential aporia regarding vocational guidance. The aporia was caused by the fact that the transition from school to work was not always successful even if vocational aptitude tests were complete, because it depended on the situation of the labor market. Section 3 clarifies that two methods for giving vocational guidance in primary schools emerged. The two methods were as follows: (1) directly helping students to find jobs, (2) cultivating a "spirit of enterprise." In addition, the paper points out that this divergence corresponded to an aporia in vocational guidance, based on "ideal" versus "reality." These methods led to the development of the relation between general education and the world of employment in postwar times, with "continuity in system" and "discontinuity in substance." Section 4 discusses "Love," which was used to support vocational guidance in school. "Love" was a magic word used to justify both methods, and to hinder any examination of the methodology of vocational guidance. The paper then argues that "Love" was the trigger for the emergence of the issue regarding transition as a problem of education. Section 5 is a summary and discussion. It points out that the divergence of methods for giving guidance was an inevitable result considering the matter of transition as a problem of education. Moreover, it hypothesizes that the two methods of vocational guidance in school were united by the justification of the practices using the word "Love". The word "Love" continued to be used in postwar times.

• 日本教育社会学会の論文
• 2007-05-31

著者

• 石岡 学

  京都大学大学院

関連論文

• 昭和初期の職業指導教授用図書にみる「職業精神」(22-【A】教育史(3),2 一般研究発表II,発表要旨)
• 昭和初期の小学校職業指導にみる普通教育と職業世界との関係性 : 「愛」がもたらした移行問題の教育問題化
• 1.昭和初期の小学校教育における職業世界との関係性構築過程(IV-2部会 教育の歴史,研究発表IV,日本教育社会学会第58回大会)
• 職業指導の導入と教育論理の再編 : 1920年代の教育雑誌記事を中心に(キャリア形成の社会史)
• 「理想の子ども」としての健康優良児 : 新聞報道における健康優良児のイメージ
• 1930年代における『教育的学校衛生』の登場と展開 : 「健康優良児表彰事業」との関連を中心に(教育の歴史社会学)
• 1920年代における学校教育に対する職業指導導入の論理 : 社会政策としての職業指導と教育政策としての職業指導

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