ガルブレイスのパワー・エコノミックス(アメリカ資本主義と制度主義,総合研究)

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概要

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• In the period beginning with the second half of the 1960s, the economies of the world's industrialized nations found themselves faced with the heretofore unseen social and economic problems of stagflation and environmental destruction. In the world of economics, Joan Robinson gave a lecture entitled "The Second Crisis of Economic Theory," which was followed by John Kenneth Galbraith and his "Power and the Useful Economist." Both lectures served to cast doubt on the efficacy of orthodox economics. Galbraith claimed that by introducing the concept of power into economic theory it was possible to obtain a better understanding of real world economies and to offer appropriate responses to policy-related problems. This paper will provide a summary of Galbraith's general theory concerning power and then will move from power relationships to a summary of Galbraith's economic system theory. In the course of this discussion, the following topics will be clarified: 1) the power relationship between the planning system and the market system; 2) the dominance of the technostructure within the planning system; 3) the control of consumer behavior by the planning system; and 4) the close ties that exist between the planning system and the government. Analysis of these power relationships will also show that the planning system is at the center of power in the modern economic system. Galbraith did not see this state of affairs, in which power was concentrated in the planning system, as a favorable one. Instead, he hoped that the power of the planning system would be restrained and that ties between the planning system and the government would be severed. In order would be severed. In order to achieve these goals, individuals must have "public cognizance," the state must become a "public state," and women must free themselves from the burden of housework. Only after these preconditions have been satisfied can specific reforms be effective. Galbraith's analysis based on the concept of power offers us a framework different from that of orthodox economics. Moreover, its criticism that policies implemented by the state and government reflect the will of large corporations suggests that the government must be included in any economic analysis. Furthermore, Galbraith is pessimistic about the market mechanism.

• 日本大学の論文
• 1993-05-20

著者

• 高橋 真

  東北学院大学経済学部

• 高橋 真

  尚絅学院大学現代社会学科

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