亜炭の化学的利用に関する研究(第4報)アルカリ半乾式法による亜炭フミン酸の製造
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概要
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Previous work in this series has shown that the air oxidation of pulverized lignite moistened with aqueous sodium hydroxde (tentatively named ”alkaline semi-dry method”) has promise as an improved method for preparing humic acids. In the present paper, therefore, emphasis has been placed on a further study of this method, and the following results have been obtained : (1) The investigation of alkaline oxidation methods has revealed again that the semi-dry method has an advantage over the wet-method (the air oxidation of pulverized lignite suspended in alkaline media), inasmuch as humic acids are obtainable in higher yield. (2) For example, when pulverized lignite moistened with an equal part of aqueous 56% sodium hydroxide was heated at 160 ℃ for 3 hr., humic acids were obtained in yield as high as 78%. (3) This method necessitates the use of a relatively large excess of alkali over the stoichiometric quantity in order to obtain satisfactory results. However, he remaining alkali can be utilized in that condition to neutralize free humict acids obtainable by oxidation of lignite with nitric acid (the conventional method). Thus, an improvement on the preparation of the acids will be provided through the combination of this method with the conventional nitric acid method. (4) Pretreatment of hgnite over the temperature range of 95°to 250℃. and over the period of 1 to 24 hr., gave no remarkable effect on the formation of the acids in the semi-dry method. (5) At temperatures below 150℃ , the alkaline semi-dry oxidation under nitrogen gave the acids in lower yield than did the oxidation under air, whereas at an elevated temperature of 200℃., the reverse took place. It is somewhat surprising that at such an elevated temperature the yield of the acids increased without a fresh supply of air. (6) The analysis of the acids gave the following results : carbon, 66%; hydrogen, 5%; carboxylic group, 11%; phenolic hydroxyl group, 8%; saponification equivalent, 140.
- 山形大学の論文
- 1966-01-14
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