論語の特殊的普遍性の形態と古典性 : <君子-小人>概念を中心に
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概要
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What is the source of the influence of classics? In my opinion it is "the form of universality" of their thought. How is about the Confucian Analects, one of the Chinese classics, still rather widely read in Japan? Let's take for example a proposition "君子求諸已,小人求諸人" from it, which James Legge, an English famous translator of Chinese classics, translated in 1892 as follows; "What the superior man seeks, is in himself. What the mean man seeks, is in others." Has the above proposition fully a form of universality? My answer is negative. Surely the predicate part has it, but the subject hasn't. Namely, to seek in oneself is a positive attitude human being, but the subject "君子" meaning a male member of a governing class has a form of particularity, not universality. In case of the relation of the subject "小人" to its predicate the same is true. How can we then grasp the form of this preposition in its entirety? I grasp it as one of particular universality, in other words, as universality which at the same time is particular. What we have to take note of in this form is the contradiction between universality and particularity, for it is "dynamo" of the proposition and of the whole of this classic My conclusions are as follows. 1. These relative propositions, in which this classic abounds, mostly consist of the particular subject and the universal predicate which are mutually contradictory. 2. This contradiction produces a form of the particular universality for them. 3. This form attaches a particuldr-universal character to this classic.
- 東京女子大学の論文
- 1975-09-01