55.エンレイソウの起源と進化に関する研究 : (第I報)日本産Trillium apetalon MAKINOと北米産Trillium erectum LINN.の外部形態の比較

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Trillinm apetalon MAKINO (Fig. 1) is distributed on the Sakhalin and Kunashir islands and on Hokkaido, Honshu, and Shikoku in the Japanese islands. The plants have three leaves, three sepals but no petal, six stamens, and a three-comporment ovary (Fig. 2). Trillium erectum LINN. (Fig. 3) grows in Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario, New York, Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Alabama along the Appalachian mountains. The species has three leaves, three sepals, three petals, six stamens, and three-comporment ovary (Fig.4). Comparative studies of the morphological characters of Trillium apetalon and Trillium erectum were carried out, especially of their leaves and pollen grains (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6). The leaf index did not show to be significant in either species. It may, therefore, be considered that both species have the same origin. The difference in size of the pollen grains in both shows, however, highly significant. This difference results from the fact that Trillium erectum is a diploid species, while Trillium apetalon is a tetraploid species. In conclusion, it seems likely that the Japanese Trillium apetalon has a genome of the North American Trillium erectum. An additional cytogenetical analysis will be done in the future.
東京女子大学の論文
1981-03-20