蛙の網膜色素細胞に於ける明・暗調應による細胞學的變化
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概要
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Melanophores, pigmented epithelial cells, of the frog eyes contain several kinds of cell inclusions. Above all, fuscin granules, mitochondria, myeloid granules, lipochrine granules, Golgi bodies, and fibrous structure are easily observable. These inclusions alter their shape and their location according to the grade of light and dark adaptation of eyes. As it has been generally known the fuscin pigments are dispersed toward the distal end of the cells when the animals are fully adapted to the light. These granules gather themselves to the basal side, not beyond the nuclear zone, when the eyes are adapted to the darkness. In the latter case the fuscin granules are seen crystallized as tiny spindles. Mitochondria behave almost contrariwise; they come together underneath the nuclei in the light and are diffused in the dark. When fully adapted to the darkness, mitochondria assume the spindle shape resembling so much to the fuscin spindles. The myeloid granules after Kuhne (1882) correspond rather to the "Lipochondrien" after Ries (1935) and "Presubstanz" after G.C. Hirsch (1940). They are of mitochondrial nature, and probably have secretory function. In the darkness they vacuolize gradually, producing some kind of fluidal substance in them. But the discharging route of the secretion could not be made clear. Their remaining outer capsule converts to the Golgi substance after discharging of their contents, getting apparently reducing power of osmic tetraoxide. These are "Restkorper" of Hirsch and are found in the melanophores of the eyes adapted to the light. The lipochrine granules, oil droplets, appear having lemon yellow color in the animals adapted to the light. As the dark adaptation proceeds they gradually change their chemical nature so as to obtain the reducing power of osmic acid. At the same time they becoms tinged with a faint brown colour of fuscin. The present author hae found a new structure situated almost at the level of the nuclei, i.e. fibrous element. They run across the pigmented epithelium keeping the nuclear level. They are broken here and there, and have no relationship with the cellular individuality. In many eyes adapted to the light they are stained with acid fuchsin like mitochondria, but they become coloured brownish as the eyes get adapted to the darkness. The above explained changes of the cell inclusions in the melanophores of the eyes are semi-shematically shown in the figures in the text. Those are the sketches from the Champy-Altmann materials, the background being stained with toluidine blue.
- 東京女子大学の論文
- 1950-09-10