精神医療の流れと洛北岩倉 : 第二次世界大戦後
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Iwakura is 8km north-east of Kyoto Imperial Palace and is famous for a legend: the third princess of Emperor Go-Sanjo (1068-1072), who developed a mental disease at age 18, was cured when she prayed to the eleven-faced Goddess of Mercy at Daiunji Temple, Iwakura. Beginning about 1750, many mental patients wanted to share her good luck so began to stay in farmers' houses in Iwakura in order to pray at Daiunji Temple. Four farmers' houses specialized in hosting mental patients at the beginning of the 19th century and continued receiving them even after Iwakura Mental Hospital was established in 1884. Iwakura's fame increased when Dr. Shuzo Kure wrote that Iwakura in 1895 had a similar family care system for mental patients to that of Geel, Belgium. Around 1930, Dr. Eikichi Tsuchiya, the director of Iwakura Mental Hospital, began to promote 'Iwakura' as 'a Geel in Japan.' 300 mental patients stayed in specialized sanatoria-farmers' houses and non-specialized farmers' houses in 1935 in addition to the 500 mental patients in Iwakura Mental Hospital. However, Iwakura Mental Hospital was forced to close in 1945 by the Japanese army. Many sanatoria were closed as well because of a shortage of food. Since the number of beds in mental hospitals per 10,000 people in Japan was very few compared to that in Europe and the USA, the Japanese government helped people who wanted to establish mental hospitals. In Iwakura, the new Iwakura Mental Hospital was established in 1952 and the Kitayama Mental Hospital was established in 1954. Both increased their beds yearly. In Europe and the USA, however, a new medical attitude toward mental disease arose. Led by the USA, countries tried to reduce the number of beds in mental hospitals and to look after mental patients in local communities. Some Japanese were interested in the movement and began to regard Iwakura as a place where mental patients were already cared for in the local community. They realized the importance of knowing how the family care system in Iwakura functioned. Many began to visit Iwakura and heard about the family care system from those who used to care for the mental patients in sanatoria. Since most of the caretakers in Iwakura before WW II are dead, many researchers today try to determine how the Iwakura family care system worked by reading 18th and 19th century documents. This paper follows movements after WW II by examining many notes on Iwakura and concludes that if we analyze what happened in Iwakura, we can understand the history of Japanese psychiatry much more accurately. Finally, we could learn some ways to help patients live in local communities even today.
- 2006-03-31
著者
関連論文
- 京都岩倉における精神病者受け入れと精神医療行政
- 精神医療の流れと洛北岩倉 : 第二次世界大戦後
- 京都の岩倉において精神障害者家族的看護を可能にした社会的条件
- 精神病院設立前の洛北岩倉における精神病者の処遇
- 京都岩倉における精神病者家族的看護の衰退理由 : ベルギーのヘールとの比較において
- 周南市鹿野に見る水との関わり方の変化
- 京都岩倉において精神病者家族的看護を可能にしたもの : 大岩、阿波井との比較において
- 精神病者監護法施行後も京都の岩倉に精神病者家族的看護が残った理由
- 洛北岩倉における精神病者の処遇
- 精神医療の流れと洛北岩倉--第二次世界大戦まで
- 光と空気の最初の描出を可能にしたもの--見ること、光、空気についてのニコル・オレームの考え
- ビュリダンの宇宙論
- 洛北岩倉と精神病患者の家族的看護
- 中世自然学の前提 : 下界への天界の影響
- リチャード・ルフスの思想と写本 : 写本が書かれた時期とそれを書くのにたずさわった筆記者数
- リチャード・ルフスの認識論
- ニコル・オレームの認識論 : アリストテレス『デ･アニマ』と幾何光学との総合
- ヨ-ロッパの自然観と環境問題--「創世記」(1,28)の人間中心的解釈と非-人間中心的解釈をめぐって
- ニコル・オレームの世界観
- アルベルトゥス・マグヌスの魂論 : トマス・アクィナスの魂論との比較に基づいて
- オレ-ムの「天体論注解」第2巻第25章における地球自転説に関する思考実験--エドワ-ド・グラントの解釈に対する批判
- トマス倫理思想の基礎--至福への本性的欲求について
- 京都癲狂院と岩倉 (第14回精神医学史学会) -- (シンポジウム 日本の精神病院,精神科治療)