階段に於ける群集流動の性状

概要

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Investigated the multitude current moving downward continually on a straight stairs having clear width of 11 ft. 3 inches, and wanted to make clear the general character of its movement, which contains the velocity of advance in connection with the density of persons on stairs; velocity along the center of stairs compared with that along edges ; the problem of the unit of the unit of stair width; and so on. The method of investigation adopted was that by 145 photographs of multitude moving downward on stairs, which was taken Continually at an interval of 3 seconds in rushhours in the morning from the platform of underground railway station of Umeda in Osaka City. Stairway have total steps of 34, divided into two parts, upper and lower flights, having equal number of 17 steps, and between them have a landing of 5 ft. in length. As risers are 6 inches and treads are 11 3/4 inches exclusive of its projection, pitch ie 26°34'. The following are the results obtained. 1) Relation between density and velocity is shown in table 1and figure 2. 2) Overall density and that at a part of the stairway. Generally speaking, high at the upper part of stairs and low near the platform floor, and the highest point was on the landing. But, as the overall density becomes higher, then the densities of upper and lower parts indicate a similar value. 3) 21 inches unit of stair width is considered to be suitable to us. 4) Density of multitude considered similar to a stationary current. 2.6p/m^2 on a flight of stairs, 3.3 on a landing. 5) Path of travel of each individual person in connection with the density and with the velocity, a) See table 4. b) Somewhat fast at the center, and pretty slow along the edges. 6) The number of multitude travelled through each of three parts of stairs-center, edges, and idbetween, and its relation to the density.
社団法人日本建築学会の論文
1957-03-25

著者

上田光雄
大阪市立大学

階段に於ける群集流動の性状

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