都市(ポリス)の人間像としてのギリシァ悲劇 : 『オイディプス王』の市民

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概要

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• The following treatise aims to describe Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus as a city-centered tragedy through an analysis which treats the chorus as one of the characters in the drama. This viewpoint is legitimate, at least in regard to this tragedy, because the chorus, which consists of representatives of the polis, is indeed situated in a general crisis from the beginning of the drama, and, just like the hero, it is involved in the conflict of life and death as well. The stationary songs are also analyzed as the reaction of the chorus to the changing course of events from one episode to the next. From this new perspective, the distant behavior of the chorus, which is often considered to occupy a place outside the main conflict of the tragedy, now appears as peculiar participation of the citizenry to try and solve its problem behind the spotlighted struggle of the hero. It reflects the collision between their private wish for safety and the official means for problem resolution taken by the king. Therefore, the words of the chorus are not to be taken literally: the citizens do not express their wishes or thoughts in a clear voice, but instead these wishes take on the distorted forms of suggestion, allusion or metaphor. Furthermore, from this perspective, it is possible to take notice of certain words in the stationary songs whose significance might otherwise be easily overlooked. The analysis of the chorus guided by this new viewpoint leads to an understanding that differs wholly from the Oedipus interpretations expressed thus far: the Theban citizens actually know of all the secrets of their royal house although they pretend not to be aware of them. Thus, it is Oedipus alone who isn't aware of his incestuous marriage. The city continues to deceive itself for a long time to maintain its safety and enjoy the prosperity that comes from living under the rule of an intelligent king, but this selfdeception finally collapses due to the epidemic. The city, wanting to be saved once again, turns to the same man who rescued it from the Sphinx, but this time the city sacrifices the savior in the end. The tragedy Oedipus Tyrannus turns out to be a specific drama of sacrifice where the hero is offered up by and for the city as a whole.

• 豊橋技術科学大学の論文
• 2006-03-31

著者

• 山本 淳

  豊橋技術科学大学

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