有効換気容積の定義と2次元CFD解析による算定例 : 室内換気性状の評価指標としての有効換気容積の定義と算定法(第1報)

概要

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Problems in indoor air quality (IAQ) are considered to cause "Sick House Syndrome" in Japan. As such, the building standard was revised to improve IAQ in rooms in Japan in 2003. It is also very important to ventilate indoor spaces efficiently to reduce energy and CO_2 consumption. Ventilation efficiency indexes have been proposed as a means to evaluate the efficiency of ventilation systems and these indexes have been taken into account in ventilation design. This paper proposes the effective ventilated volume as a ventilation efficiency index and gives a definition for the equation of the effective ventilated volume based on the volume integral with a weighting function. The meaning of the effective ventilated volume depends on the selected weighting function, therefore different forms of the weighting function are examined. Three functions are chosen to express the effective ventilated volume for a volume in a well-ventilated zone compared to that in a perfect mixing condition. The weighting functions are described with the local age of air, and the volume of the zone is either neglected or reduced in evaluating the effective ventilated volume when the local age of air is larger than the nominal time constant, i.e. the age of air under the perfect mixing condition. 2-D case studies on the effective ventilated volume based on computation fluid dynamics (CFD) are demonstrated.
2006-03-30