教育者・吉田松陰と儒教精神

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In 1859, Shoin Yoshida, a great educator in the late Edo period, was put to death by Tokugawa Bakuhu. But his pupils rose up to overturn Tokugawa Bakuhu and established the Meiji Government in 1868. Why did Shoin become a gereat one of the forerunners of the Meiji Restoration. In oder to examine the subject, we will make clear how Shoin Yosida had been up to a great educator. (1) During about a month's stay at Mito on the way of the trip to the Northeast of Japan, Shoin discussed with Seisisai Aizawa and other scholars, absorbing Sonno Joi ron (theory of 'Revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians'). And Sonno Joi ron became a fundamental core of Shoin's education. (2) Shoin became a pupil of Zozan Sakuma at Edo. There he recognized the importance of the European studies to expel the barbarians, the Westerners. On this account, he planed schools of the Western learning. (3) In spite of the fact that Shoin was seriously influenced by Seisisai Aizawa and Zozan Sakuma, we must remember the his learnings in his childhood. His father aroused his son's reverence for the Emperor. Under stimulating tutors, Shoin got aware of the danger of foreign invasion. We must recognize that Shoin developed his primitive thought by learning lots of the new knowledges from Seisisai Aizawa and Zozan Sakuma . (4) The lectures at the school of Shoka Sonjuku covered a broad range. But the basic attitude of Shoin's education was dominated by the teaching of Confucius. It is well known that he was severely taught by his father how to read Sisho Gogyo, Four Books and Five Classics in Confucianism. (5) Among the Four Books, his favorite was Mencius. Shoin began to lecture on Mencius in the prison of Noyama and continued it at Sugi's house. And he confirmed his thought and action by the teaching of Mencius. (6) Finally, we conclude that the spirit of Confucianism leaded him to become a great forerunner of the Meiji Restoration.
2003-01-31

著者

荒川紘
静岡大学人文学部

教育者・吉田松陰と儒教精神

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