筑波研究学園および隣接山地のきのこについて
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Tsukuba Academic New Town was constructed recently in a pastoral region located about 50 kilometers northeast from Tokyo. Small patches of forest including planted Pinus densiflora, Quercus serrata and Q. acutissima are remained among and in the sites of various new institutions in the Town. And orchards of pear, plum, chestnut and mulberry are also frequently encountered. In Mt. Tsukuba (876m), which is situated at the north end of the Town, a warm temperate evergreen forest dominated by Quercus myrsinaefolia, Camellia japonica etc., covers the slope and a cool temperate deciduous forest consisting of Fagus crenata occupies the summit area. In these situations kinds of mushrooms are growing there all the year round except in cold winter. The present writer has observed the mushrooms growing there for about six years, since his laboratory moved in the Tsukuba Botanical Garden from Shinjuku, Tokyo in May of 1977. Some of his observations on the mushrooms are noted here with the list of collected specimens. In the Agaricales the occurrences of nine species of the genus Amanita are noted. Mushrooms classified in the Boletaceae and the Russulaceae are abundantly observed from summer to autumn. In July one of the huge mushrooms, Macrolepiota procera (Scop, ex Fr.) Sing., is often growing here and there in the Town attracting the attentions of the inhabitants. In the Aphyllophorales the growth of Hydnum aspratum Berk, mixed with H. scabrum Fr. is noted in the mountainous regions adjacent to Mt. Tsukuba. Also in the mountainous region there are patches where the growth of Polyporus yasudai Lloyd with blue-colored, viscid pileus are remarkable in autumn. In October Clavaria purpurea Muell. ex Fr. often grows in the forest adjacent to the residences. As already reported by the present writer (1979), interesting species of cup fungi are growing in the Academic New Town: Moellerodiscus pinicolus Otani was described as a new species on fallen leaves of Pinus thunbergii; Ciboria shiraiana (P. Henn.) Whetzel and Scleromitrula shiraiana (P. Henn.) Imai, which were collected from the sclerotized mulberry fruits, are rare fungi and are sometimes found in the present area of the spring time; Discina perata (Fr.) Fr. and Urnula craterium (Schw.) Fr. are abundantly growing also in spring in the mountainous region. Good specimens of Cordyceps japonicus Lloyd, one of the rare species growing on Elaphomyces sp., were collected in the mountainous region adjacent to Mt. Tsukuba.
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