肩関節挙動のメカニズム(2部 形態と運動の力学)
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
The human shoulder joint has a very wide range of motion for movement of the hand, which performs one of the most important functions in the human activities, to anywhere in the space. The shoulder joint also has a very complex mechanism for stabilizing the upper extremity in any condition. Because of the above factors, it poses interesting biomechanical problems. In addition, the dynamic conditions around the shoulder cannot be disregarded clinically. However, there are very few biomechanical studies of its behavior, except for measurements of scapular motion and/or electromyographical activity, because its structure is too complex to analyze, thus there are few accurate data about the shoulder complex. In this paper, we develop a biomechanical model of the shoulder joint and measure some important parameters of the model. The model has four rigid bone segments connected by 19 ligaments and two joint capsules, and 37 muscles control the bone segments. In order to better understand the shoulder complex, we developed the generation method of ordinary shoulder behavior using a computer simulation technique. In this simulation, we assumed that shoulder behavior is used to minimize the energy expended through the motion, and the muscle force was determined so as to minimize the sum of the stress of each muscle. By using non-linear minimization strategy, we can generate shoulder behavior and estimate the internal force around the shoulder joint, for example the muscle force. Compared with actual human shoulder behavior, the simulated result of this method was very similar. By simulating the results of elevating the upper extremity using actual human parameters and hypothetical ones, we found the following: The form of the humeral head elevates the scapula naturally depending upon the elevation of the upper extremity. This behavior is highly energy-efficiency. The structure of the rotator cuff has an effect both upon the dynamic stabilizing mechanism and in improving the energetic efficiency. Additionally, in this simulation the musculoskeletal system can be changed at will. Thus, it is very useful for the evaluation of surgical methods and for the development and/or evaluation of prostheses, because the behavior under hypothetical conditions can be simulated by this method.
- バイオメカニズム学会の論文
- 1992-05-20